What is Dematerialisation of Shares?

Synopsis:

  • Dematerialisation converts physical shares into a digital format stored in a Demat Account.
  • The process involves opening a Demat Account, submitting share certificates, and receiving digital shares.
  • Dematerialisation eliminates risks like theft and forgery associated with physical share certificates.
  • It removes the need for stamp duty and reduces paperwork by digitising share management.
  • The process enhances trading efficiency, liquidity, and transparency in the capital market.

Overview


The capital market has witnessed a gradual rise in investors, with the youth diving into trading and investing. With the advent of digitalisation, investing in securities has never been easier. The most important aspect of this movement has been Dematerialisation. It is a process by which individuals can convert their physical shares and securities to a digital format. A Demat Account stores these digital securities.

How does the Dematerialisation of Shares work?

Securities can be in the form of Mutual Fund units, government securities or stocks of a company. A registered Depository Participant (DP) holds the security. A DP is an agent of the registered Depository. This agent provides depository services to investors and traders.

Two depository bodies are registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) for Dematerialisation.

  • CDSL (Central Depository Services Ltd)
  • NSDL (National Securities Depository Ltd.)


Read more about depository participants and their role here.

What is the Process of Dematerialisation?

The process of Dematerialisation is straightforward for the investor. Follow the steps below for the Dematerialisation of shares and securities:

  • Step 1: Open a Demat Account with a Depository participant (DP) that offers.
  • Step 2: Then, convert physical shares into Demat shares. To do so, you must submit a Demat Request Form (DRF) provided by the Depository Participant. You must submit the form with the relevant share certificates to the Depository Participant.
  • Step 3: The Depository Participant reviews and processes the request along with the share certificates. The DP also sends the share certificate to the company, registrar, and transfer agent.
  • Step 4: Once the request is approved, the DP destroys the physical form of the share certificates. After that, the Depository will receive the confirmation of the Dematerialisation.
  • Step 5: After the Depository confirms the Dematerialisation of your shares, they will credit the shares to your Demat Account. You can check the status of the shares online.
  • Step 6: This process takes 15 to 30 days to complete.

How does a Demat Account work?

It is essential to know that a Demat Account only holds your securities. You will also need a trading account linked to your Demat account to trade securities. Follow the steps given below to buy securities using your Demat Account:

  • Choose the broker or platform that facilitates securities trading.
  • When you buy a security on the platform, the Depository Participant forwards your request to the stock exchange.
  • The stock exchange then matches your buy request with a sell request in the market. The exchange then sends an order to the clearance house.
  • The clearance house then settles the trade by debiting the given number of shares from the Demat Account of the seller and credits it to your Demat Account by the end of the trading day.

What are the Benefits of Dematerialisation?

Dematerialisation comes with multiple benefits that make trading convenient for you. Some of the benefits are detailed below:

Risk-Free Ownership

Owning physical shares poses risks such as theft, forgery, and damage, which can result in financial loss or legal issues. Dematerialisation eliminates these risks by converting physical share certificates into electronic form. This electronic format ensures your assets are safe and less vulnerable to loss or tampering.

No Stamp Duty


Transferring physical share certificates involves stamp duty, a government tax levied on the documentation of transactions. However, with dematerialised shares, the transfer process is electronic and paperless, thus exempting you from stamp duty charges.


Reduced Paperwork


With physical shares, managing and transferring ownership involves extensive paperwork, including issuing and handling certificates, filling forms, and record-keeping. Dematerialisation simplifies this by converting all documentation into electronic records. This paperwork reduction streamlines the process and reduces the risk of errors and administrative hassle associated with physical share management.


Increased Volume


Dematerialisation enhances trading efficiency and liquidity by allowing faster and more frequent transactions. This increased trading volume benefits market dynamics by promoting greater liquidity and enabling higher market participation from both individual and institutional investors.


Enhanced Transparency


Electronic trading through Demat accounts ensures that all transactions are recorded and monitored digitally, improving transparency in the trading process. This further ensures accurate settlement of trades.


Click here to learn more about applying for a Demat Account at HDFC Bank.

*Terms and Conditions apply. The information provided in this article is generic in nature and for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for specific advice in your own circumstances. You are recommended to obtain specific professional advice before you take any/refrain from any action.