How to Identify Defensive Shares

Synopsis:

  • Defensive stocks are shares of companies in industries that provide essential goods and services, like healthcare, utilities, and FMCG, which experience stable demand regardless of economic conditions.
  • Key characteristics of defensive stocks include stable earnings, consistent dividend payouts, and resilience during economic downturns, making them ideal for risk-averse investors.
  • Defensive industries like healthcare, IT, and food are less affected by market volatility, while non-defensive sectors, such as luxury goods and real estate, are more cyclical and risky.

Overview

Defensive shares are essential for investors seeking stability in their portfolios. These stocks provide a cushion during economic downturns, offering steady returns even when the market is volatile. To understand defensive shares and how to identify them, it is crucial to explore the key factors that set them apart from other types of stocks.

What Are Defensive Stocks?

Defensive stocks are shares of companies that belong to industries less affected by economic cycles. These companies offer products or services that are necessary regardless of the economy’s performance. As a result, defensive stocks tend to have lower volatility compared to other stocks, making them ideal for risk-averse investors.

Key Characteristics of Defensive Shares

To identify a defensive share, investors need to consider specific characteristics that make these stocks a safer investment. Below are the key factors that distinguish defensive shares:

1. Stable Earnings

Defensive companies typically operate in industries where demand is need-driven rather than want-driven. These companies enjoy stable and predictable revenues because consumers require their products or services even during economic downturns. For example, sectors like healthcare and utilities offer services that people cannot easily cut back on, ensuring consistent earnings for the companies.

2. Perennial Business

Industries that are less influenced by business cycles tend to be more defensive. For instance, sectors like food and healthcare provide essential services and goods that remain in demand, regardless of the economy’s performance. On the contrary, industries like construction and luxury goods are cyclical, experiencing declines during economic downturns.

3. Higher Returns

Defensive stocks typically have higher cash flows and better valuation metrics due to their stable business models. Companies with higher Return on Equity (RoE) are ideal candidates for defensive investments as they tend to outperform broader markets during challenging times. Strong and consistent cash flows also allow these companies to reinvest in their growth, securing their future performance.

4. Sustained Dividend Payouts

A crucial aspect of defensive stocks is their ability to pay regular dividends. Dividends provide investors with an additional income stream, apart from capital gains. Companies with a track record of regular dividend payments are often considered defensive because they demonstrate financial stability. Investors who seek regular cash flows should prioritize companies with consistent dividend payouts.

5. Resilience During Economic Downturns

Although past performance doesn’t guarantee future results, industries that have historically shown resilience during recessions are often considered defensive. These sectors tend to outperform the market during challenging times, providing a safety net for investors. Examining how a company or sector performed in previous economic downturns can provide insights into its defensive nature.

Defensive Industries

Several industries have proven to be more defensive due to the essential nature of their products or services. These sectors experience stable demand regardless of economic conditions, making them ideal for defensive investing.

1. Healthcare

The healthcare industry is a classic example of a defensive sector. Healthcare services are need-driven, as medical treatments are essential, regardless of the economy’s performance. People will always require healthcare, making it a safe bet during market volatility.


2. Utilities

Utilities, such as electricity, water, and waste management, are essential services that individuals cannot cut back on. The demand for these services remains stable, even during economic downturns. As a result, companies in the utilities sector often exhibit less volatility, making them a defensive investment option.


3. Food


The food industry also offers defensive stocks, particularly companies that produce staple food products. Demand for essential food items like rice, wheat, and milk remains constant, regardless of the economy’s performance. However, it is essential to distinguish between staple food companies and discretionary food businesses, like restaurants, which are more affected by economic cycles.


4. Information Technology (IT)


In India, technology companies, particularly those in the IT sector, are considered defensive. Technology is now an integral part of daily life, and businesses cannot eliminate their reliance on software and hardware solutions. Therefore, IT companies are seen as safer investments against market volatility.


5. Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)


The FMCG sector, which includes essential household and personal care products, is another defensive industry. Products like soap, toothpaste, and shampoo are necessities that people will continue to buy, even in tough economic times. This consistent demand makes FMCG companies a solid choice for defensive investors.

Non-Defensive Industries


While some sectors are considered defensive, others are more volatile due to their sensitivity to economic cycles. These industries tend to suffer during recessions and may experience significant declines in performance during tough times.


Examples of Non-Defensive Industries:

  • Luxury Goods: Products in this category are considered discretionary, and demand decreases when people cut back on non-essential spending.
  • Automobiles: Vehicle sales are often impacted by economic conditions, making this sector more cyclical.
  • Real Estate: Property sales and prices fluctuate with the economy, and this sector experiences booms and busts based on market cycles.
  • High-End Apparel: Expensive fashion brands are also considered discretionary, with demand declining during economic slowdowns.
  • Cement and Steel Manufacturers: These sectors are closely tied to construction and infrastructure, both of which are affected by economic fluctuations.
  • Gaming Industry: Video games and related services are typically want-driven, making this sector vulnerable during recessions.

Conclusion


Now you know what the markets refer to as defensive sectors and how you should identify them. It is ideal to keep a diversified investment portfolio with defensive and high-beta stocks, based on your investment goal and risk appetite.

Building the right portfolio starts with opening the right Demat Account. You can open an
HDFC Bank Demat Account instantly and embark on your investment journey in a hassle-free manner.

Open your
Demat Account now.

*Terms and conditions apply. This is an information communication from HDFC Bank and should not be considered as a suggestion for investment. Investments in securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.